Bronchiectasis Abnormal Bronchial Dilation Bronchial Dilation Persistent Bronchial Expansion Bronchiectasis is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by abnormal and permanent dilation of the bronchial tubes, leading to impaired mucus clearance, chronic cough, and frequent respiratory infections. This condition results from damage to the airway walls, which can be caused by a variety of factors, including infections, genetic disorders, and autoimmune diseases.