Intestinal Failure Bowel Failure Intestinal Insufficiency Intestinal failure is a condition where the intestines are unable to absorb sufficient nutrients and fluids to maintain health, often due to severe functional or structural abnormalities. This condition can result from diseases or surgical interventions that significantly impair the digestive tract's ability to process and absorb essential nutrients, requiring interventions such as total parenteral nutrition (TPN) or enteral nutrition support.